Effectiveness of Using MIT App Inventor as an Android-Based Learning Media

Massive updates on technology make teachers must be more extra in determining the learning materials and media used. The technology used must be up-to-date and provide good results as a learning medium that must be used. Technological developments must truly be transferable as learning media, given that Revolution 5.0 is targeting innovation and development in more sophisticated technologies such as AI, IoT


Introduction
Massive updates in technology mean that teachers have to go the extra mile in determining the learning materials and media used.The technology used must be upto-date and provide good results as a learning medium that must be used.
Technological developments must truly be transferable as a learning medium, considering the 5.0 Revolution which targets innovation and development in more sophisticated technology such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), IoT and robots.Humans can slowly be replaced by machines, and everything may be computerized.By being given knowledge from now on, at least students will have provisions for the future.The process of transferring knowledge is not only done by speaking in front of the class, but This process also requires media or intermediaries who bridge it so that the knowledge transfer process becomes more optimal and faster.Using appropriate learning media can certainly make students understand better what is being taught.
The growth of mobile platform technology can now be considered very advanced and is often used in the world of IT, business, education and learning facilities (Nasution et al., 2018).In planning to raise the level of education, learning tools act as a support in the learning process.Along with the increase in technology, learning tools need to follow developments seen in using technology so that learning objectives can be realized so that they can utilize the Android system in the learning process.This facility is valuable as a source of learning for students so that they can obtain morals and information from teachers so that learning modules can be further improved and can shape students' knowledge (Dwijayani, 2019 where users can arrange, view, and drag and drop blocks which are commands to create the application we want.Various interesting features in MIT App Inventor make this platform even more popular for beginners who want to learn programming.Some of the features that we can use to create Android applications include sensor features, speech recognition features (Azzawi et al., 2023;Jerke et al., 2022;Khoiri et al., 2023;Kim & Choi, 2022;Liang, 2022;Sánchez-Otálvaro et al., 2022).
The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of using MIT App Inventor as a learning medium.By testing several indicators, firstly the quality of the

Research Method
This study uses a quantitative research approach.A quantitative approach is used to evaluate scientific theories by measuring the relationship between variables (Uyun, 2022).Obtaining research information in the form of numbers and analysis using statistics are characteristics of a quantitative approach (Sugiyono, 2022).
The type of research used is descriptive research.According to Nasir (in Ajat Rukajat, 2018: 1) Descriptive study is a study that describes the subject situation, views, incidents, or people in the current era.
The data collection process was carried out by distributing questionnaires.A questionnaire is a data collection instrument that is distributed, containing questions and statements for respondents to answer.(Sugiyono, 2022) As stated by (Rukajat, 2018) the population is all the objects studied.The respondents or population here are students of SMK 1 Muhammadiyah Bima Class XII. (1) Information:

Validity Test and Reliability Test
The validity test was carried out using the SPSS application by first determining the r table.Then use the Pearson Product Moment correlation formula.The researcher distributed questionnaires to 25 respondents, based on the distribution table for a significance rtable value of 5%, a significance value of 0.396 was obtained.If both have been obtained, then a comparison will be carried out.According to (Sugiyono, 2022) the results of the validity test are declared valid if rcount ≥ rtable.The following is the Pearson product moment formula: (  Suharsimi in (Rukajat, 2018) Reliability tests are carried out to find out whether the instruments we apply are competent and can be trusted.The reliability test in this study was carried out using the SPSS application using the Alpha Cronbach formula:

Conclusion
Based on the results of quantitative data analysis, the use of MIT App Inventor at SMK 1 Muhammadiyah Bima was declared effective.It can be seen from the Percentage of data f= Total score n= Maximum score of statement items To provide a comparison, an effectiveness category was created which matched the results of the percentage calculation.The effectiveness category is created using the following interval finding formula: R = max scoremin score (2) Information: R = Reach/range max score = highest score on the number of questionnaire statements min score = lowest score on the number of questionnaire statements Piksel 11 (2): 383 -392 (September 2023) of all statement items i = Total score of statement items i = The total number of statement item scores = Sum of squares of statement item scores = Sum of the total squared scores of statement items is said to be reliable if the Cronbach Alpha value ≥ 0.70.Piksel 11 (2): 415 -424 (September 2023) well on a smartphone.The results of this research can be reviewed by matching the effectiveness categories with the percentage of data processing.Creation of effectiveness categories is based on the following calculations: ). Mit App Inventor itself is an open-source platform released in March 2012 when Mit App Inventor was being developed by Google but has now moved to being managed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).Mit App Inventor allows us to independently create and program applications for Android without learning various programming languages.MIT App Inventor uses Visual Block Programming

Table 1 .
Validity Test Results PIKSEL status is accredited by the Directorate General of Research Strengthening and Development No. 225/E/KPT/2022 with Indonesian Scientific Index (SINTA) journal-level of S3, starting from Volume 10 (1) 2022 to Volume 14 (2) 2026.Source: Research Result (2023)

Table 2 .
Reliability Test Results

Table 3 .
Results of the Effectiveness Category Test

Table 4 .
Effectiveness Test Results for Using MIT App Inventor at SMK 1 Based on the table 4, the use of MIT App Inventor.At SMK 1 Muhammadiyah Bima, the two indicators of Platform Quality and Student Understanding are in the "Very Effective" category and the other two indicators, namely Student Preferencesand Benefits obtained, are in the "Quite Effective" category.on the platform Quality indicator with a percentage of 88.5% is in the "Very Effective" category, the Student Understanding indicator with a percentage of 93.9% is in the "Very Effective" category, the Student Preference indicator with a percentage of 81.2% is in the "Quite Effective" category, the Benefits Obtained indicator with a percentage of 80.3% is in the "Quite Effective" category.
in Table4, the Platform Quality indicator with a percentage of 88.5% is in the "Very Effective" category, the Student Understanding indicator with a percentage of 93.9% is in the "Very Effective" category, the Student Preference indicator with a percentage of 81.2 % is in the "Quite Effective" category, the Benefit Obtained indicator with a percentage of 80.3% is in the "Quite Effective" category. percentages