Application of Holographic Technology in Education

This research examines the benefits of holographic technology so that it can be used in the world of education. The current education system already makes extensive use of computer-based information and communication technology; however, the application of holography technology is currently still a futuristic (future) concept due to difficulties in implementing technical procedures and software requirements in the application of holography technology. This research discusses technology related to holography and how the practice of holography will be applied in the future which will affect many areas of life, especially the world of education. In this study, researchers also conducted experiments on a group of children aged 3 - 4 years on the use of holography technology with the HolograFX Game as a tool for conducting experiments. From the experimental results it can be concluded that holograms can be accepted by children and provide them with the opportunity to learn in different ways and methods and provide impressive experiences.


Introduction
The application of technology is growing rapidly and reaching all areas of human life.This of course changes human lifestyles in all fields, especially the world of education.Currently, students are required to master the material independently and be active in learning.Student center learning requires students to explore the lesson material they receive via the internet, direct practice in the field, observation, and others.But unfortunately, there are gaps in the world of education, including difficulties in finding teachers who are competent in their fields, inadequate school facilities and technology that is not provided in accordance with current developments (Hammady et al., 2020).With limited teaching staff, you could imagine if a teacher had to teach in two Piksel 11 (2): 253 -266 (September 2023) different places over a long distance.This would be an obstacle for teachers in carrying out their obligations.Then there is the issue of greenhouse emissions, if teaching staff often use airplanes to carry out their duties, then this also exacerbates this issue and transportation costs a lot (Xiong et al., 2021).
Holography technology was first discovered by a Hungarian scientist named Denis Gabor in 1947(Xiong et al., 2021).At that time, he was researching electron microscopy but while carrying out the experimental process he discovered the concept of holography technology but at that time not many people knew its use so this discovery It was extinguished until 1960, when the laser system was discovered by a Russian scientist named Yuri Denisyuk.Then this holography technology further developed thanks to Dr. Ephen Benton from MIT in 1968 with his famous project, the Rainbow Hologram.Examples of rainbow holograms that we often find today are labels that can be provided for a product, security stamps for currency, displaying goods and services for marketing purposes to make them more attractive (Lee, 2013).Then why not for educational purposes?
The aim of this research is to find out how to apply holographic technology so that it can be applied in the world of education (Mavrikios et al., 2019).This research also discusses the future of holography technology and how holographic practices will be applied in the future which will affect many areas of life, especially the world of education.One of the stages in this research is that an investigation will be carried out to find out the infrastructure needs and what conditions are needed to use holography technology and what benefits can be obtained from this technology.Apart from infrastructure needs and the benefits of holography technology, this research will also investigate the obstacles to implementing holography technology.What problems exist and what difficulties have occurred that have hampered developments in the application of holography technology in the world of education and at the end of the research the researcher will provide suggestions regarding solving problems in the form of solutions so that the world of education can implement and utilize holography technology to the maximum (Kalansooriya et al., 2015).This research will apply research using an exploratory method where a literature survey, experience survey and problem study will be carried out to gain insight.The basis for this research is literature analysis.
Data is obtained from secondary data, namely existing data collected to gain initial insight into the research problem.Literature is obtained from research that has been carried out previously, information from the internet, libraries, and other electronic media such as news from television and newspapers.After all the data has been collected, appropriate knowledge can be obtained to further answer the questions in this research.

Research Method
In research conducted by Dimitris.M, et al (Mavrikios et al., 2019), information was obtained that holographic technology displays complex 3D model visualizations in real-size dimensions to students.A prototype has been prepared in advance in the classroom so that active interaction occurs between the hologram device and students.
For visualization displays, tablets or mobile devices are used.Interactions that occur include display annotations, geometric objects and other content via mobile applications (Mavrikios et al., 2019).The next research written by Oladapo.A discusses the application of holographic technology as a tool to improve learning and overcome the current challenges and obstacles to traditional education.The results of this research are proposals regarding the use of holographic technology in various aspects of education (Aina, 2010).
Furthermore, in research conducted by H. Ghuloum (Ghuloum, 2010), the researcher presented information regarding the advantages and disadvantages of 3D Hologram Technology (3DHT).The method used was to conduct a survey of many teachers in England.From the results of the questionnaire used to collect data, it was found that 45.5% of respondents expressed the importance of 3DHT as an effective teaching tool for the future.But 47.3% of correspondents stated that holographic technology could not change the face of education.Apart from that, from this research, information was obtained that the main obstacles in integrating 3DHT into the learning environment are high installation costs and the requirement for a high-speed internet connection (Ghuloum, 2010).The next research discussed by Rebeca.C discusses the application of a cell-based hologram application to motivate students in Spain to improve vocabulary mastery for English lessons.They adapted the prize-winning game HolograFX in the development of a new mobile application for practicing English.
Testing involved 70 Spanish pre-school students carrying out pre-test and post-test assessments, satisfaction surveys and emotional analysis.The results show that the use of applications based on holographic technology has a significant impact on Piksel 11 (2): 253 -266 (September 2023) children's motivation in learning English (Cerezo et al., 2019).Then in this research conducted by K. Nachimuthu and G.Vijayakumari (muthu & Vijayakumari, 2009), six factors were discussed for designing Virtual Reality software for education.The obstacles found in this research for implementing VR software are the cost constraints for implementing an image generation system and the need for a special space for image projection (muthu & Vijayakumari, 2009).Not all applications of holographic technology receive positive responses from people in the world of education.For example, in research conducted by Suleiman (Ahmad et al., 2015) with the title "General Attitude and Acceptance of Holography in Teaching Among Lecturers in Nigerian Colleges of Education", the results of the research show a less positive attitude and less acceptance by teachers in Nigerian Colleges towards application of holographic systems for the teaching and learning process.In research to determine spatial visualization capabilities that compared the use of three types of displays, namely 3D printed models, computer-generated models and holographic models, it turned out that the results of the research were that the impact of display type did not provide a statistically significant difference (Katsioloudis & Jones, 2018).

a. Holography
Holography is a method used to record light patterns.These light patterns are reproduced as three-dimensional images called holograms.Initially in 1863 3D Holography Projection was first applied at London's Victoria Theater to display an illustration technique called Peppers Ghost.Pepper Ghost is used to display ghost figures on stage.The technique used is an actor hiding behind the stage wearing a ghost costume standing facing an angled glass mirror.The audience can see the reflection in the glass but not the actor directly.During the performance there are ghosts appearing on stage and interacting with other actors such as talking, moving, holding objects, and even fighting before slowly disappearing.Imagine that this extraordinary illustration occurred in 1863 and the modern version still amazes audiences today.In fact, we have experienced a lot of holography technology nowadays, such as holograms in the form of small, flashing colored images on credit cards, seals on DVD boxes to guarantee the authenticity of a product and it has also been widely applied in marketing, especially housing marketing so that customers can see the shape of the house and land landscape.housing to be purchased and in other fields.It's just that currently it is felt that the application of holography technology is still very lacking and is still just a futuristic (future) concept.

b. How Holography Works
Holography technology produces holograms.Holograms have their own uniqueness, that is, if we look at the hologram from different points of view or positions, it will produce a different appearance depending on which position we look at.The perception of this hologram is the same as when we see objects in real life.Then if we split the hologram into two parts then each part will contain the entire image display on the holographic.Apart from that, if we make a magnifying glass hologram, the hologram can enlarge the object like the original object.The basic tools used to make holograms are red lasers, beam splitters, mirrors, lenses and holographic film (Lee, 2013).
The most used type of laser is the Helium-neon (HeNe) type.Although most holograms are made from red laser pointer diodes, but this light is less unstable and less coherent.Even though holography is also called "photography without a lens", it still requires a lens.But the difference is that the camera lens is used to focus light while the lens used in holography technology is used to spread light in holography.Figure 1 below provides an illustration of the basic rules of how holograms work.The process involves the use of a laser, a beam splitter, two mirrors, two lenses and the object itself.The laser beam illuminates the beam splitter and splits the light in half.With the help of a mirror, both beams are directed to the required target.Both rays pass through a lens that spreads a narrow beam.
The object beam then reflects on the object and is directed towards the photographic emulsion, while the second beam, the reference beam, will reflect the emulsion without reflecting other objects (Lee, 2013)  Virtual reality (VR) is a virtual reality technology that allows users to interact with computer-simulated imaginary environments.For example, to learn how the human heart works is by looking directly at the appearance of the heart from various angles and conducting experiments with complex surgical techniques.With VR, the approach to studying how the human heart works can be done without dangerous risks.Not only in the medical field, to study history, VR users can also visit various places where historical events occurred.With VR software such as

e. Augmented reality
An interactive experience where components in the digital world blend with the real world in human perception which is integrated with immersive sensations so that it is considered a natural part of a living environment.In research conducted by Matt.B, et al, Augmented Reality designed experiences to develop students' high-level thinking abilities.The research results show that with feedback and work samples from students this approach produces higher level thinking, creativity and critical analysis (Teo et al., 2019).

f. Internet 5G
The Office of Communication (Ofcom) from England predicts that the 5G internet network can be used to carry out hologram communications in 2020.5G internet with speeds of 10 to 50Gbps can support various activities ranging from trading, playing video games to communication lines for smart cars that run automatically without a driver.

g. Display Technology
The Pro Display 65" interactive display board is an example of the next step in the evolution of classroom central displays.This technology offers an effective solution to many classrooms or other meeting space display requirements so that all participants get the most out of what is delivered.

h. Haptic Technology
Haptic comes from the Greek haptesthai which means 'to touch'.Haptics is the science of applying tactile sensations to human-computer interactions.Devices that use haptic technology involve physical contact between the computer and the user.An example is a cellphone from Samsung with a large touch screen display like the iPhone.This technology, called Anycall Haptic, allows users to feel clicks, vibrations, and other tactile input with up to 22 types of tactile sensations.

i. Televisi Hologram.
Holographic television is a television that uses holography technology to display solid images in real 3-dimensional form.The way holographic television works is by using a stereoscopic camera to record the reflected light from the image and then the light is emitted into the viewer's eyes at two different angles to display a pattern of diffraction circles.Diffraction patterns are patterns of light and dark around an object that move in different directions to display a real 3-dimensional image that can be seen directly with the naked eye without the need for 3D glasses.
This system is referred to as 3D Auto Stereoscopic.But unfortunately, if this holographic television is viewed for too long, it can cause nausea, eye pain, dizziness, and risks to pregnant women, so it still needs to be studied and updated.

j. Holodeck
A holodeck is a fictional device from the television series Star Rek that is used by starship crews for entertainment and recreation as they typically spend months or years on missions.Holodecks can also be used as holographic research laboratories or aid in forensic investigations.It can be used to recreate crime scenes or visualize 3D places from alternative data sources for analysis.

Development of Holography technology in Indonesia
In Indonesia, the application of Holography technology emerged and developed rapidly.Research has also been carried out into the use of this technology.Among Bandung Zoo".This research discusses the delivery of 3D hologram information at the Bandung Zoo by utilizing a Raspberry Pi-based mini-PC as a system controller, Raspberry OS as a medium that displays animal information, the results of which will be displayed on an LCD TV and become a 3D hologram display (Ramesh et al., 2015).
In the research entitled "3D Hologram Introduction to Transportation Equipment" a 3D Hologram tool was designed as a fun educational tool so that people get information and knowledge about the use of transportation in Indonesia (Elmorshidy, 2010).
Research was also carried out on ancient animals with the title "3D Holograms as an Interactive Media for Introduction to Ancient Animals, Dinosaurs".This research designs several visual applications by utilizing the working principle of 3D Holographic Reflection for Android platform users so that they can make history lessons, especially ancient animals, more interesting and fun because of hologram technology (Aina, 2010).In the research entitled "3D Hologram Introduction to Indonesian Animals" a 3D Hologram was designed for fun education to increase public knowledge about typical Indonesian fauna based on Android (Ayu et al., 2021).In the research entitled "Development of 3D Digital Objects on Hologram Pyramid Tables for Classroom Learning" a discussion of hologram pyramids located on tables using the Lee-Owen model was used to develop teaching materials and received positive responses from students (Elmorshidy, 2010).There is also research "Development of a Holographybased 3D Display System Learning Model" which develops Holography-based 3D Display System learning media.There is still much more research on Holography technology carried out by researchers in Indonesia.This gives a sign that this technology is in great demand and growing in Indonesia.In research on 3-dimensional object media using multimedia-based Instructional Design, it is known that there is potential for use in the classroom to equip teachers in teaching or as learning media in the classroom (Dr. Utsman et al., 2016).

Benefits of Holography Technology in the World of Education
The use of information and communication technology in the world of education has long been applied to find new ways to improve the teaching and learning process, increase productivity and generate profits for organizations.To improve the quality of learning, it would be better if students could see details of objects from all sides, such as statues or machine parts.The use of holographic images allows this to happen, and holography provides a more realistic environment (Basham, 2007).Holography technology is very appropriate to be applied to improve the quality of learning, fill teacher vacancies, exchange teaching staff, conferences, reduce official travel costs and reduce the effects of greenhouse gases.With this holography technology, students will also be more enthusiastic about learning and have a fun and memorable learning experience so that they can easily digest the material presented.Other benefits of holograms in the world of education are: g.In the military field, holographic technology is used to carry out military mapping.3D holographic images are used to carry out reconnaissance, maps for the "battle space" so that soldiers can see the 3D battlefield which is very helpful in making war strategies.
From the results of the research conducted it is known that the global digital holography market will become one of the trends and is expected to reach USD 7.5 billion by the end of 2023 with a CAGR of 37% during the forecast period 2017-2023 (Leahy et al., 2019).

Conclusion
By using holography technology in the world of education, it is hoped that it can overcome the problems faced by our education system today.With holography technology, the learning process can be seen from a 360-degree perspective.This can certainly maximize the knowledge transfer process conveyed by teachers to students and teachers can also directly get feedback from students.The applications of holography in the world of education are limitless.The quality of education can continue to be improved.Hologram technology can be used by medical students to perform surgery and study body anatomy, students can also meet directly with teaching staff from abroad so that the quality of education can be improved.They can also meet their favorite TV characters in the classroom.There are still many technologies and benefits from holography technology so researchers recommend further research.
Technologies suggested for research include Haptics, 5G Internet which will be developed in 2020, Augmented reality and Display Technology.
. Application of Holography Technology in various fields includes the following areas: a) Holograms in education b) Application of 3D Holography in Marketing c) Holography in the Entertainment Industry.
can simulate driving vehicles, piloting airplanes and various other things with very interactive 3D content.Some universities that have used VR in their classes are Georgia State University, Atlanta, University of Edinburgh, Scotland and University of Hamburg, Germany and Technical University of Vienna.These campuses already use Multipurpose Virtual Multimedia Selector (MVMS) software which can be used to select, play and change audio, visual and multimedia presentations.d.Telepresence In 2010 the Indonesian Ministry of National Education (Kemendiknas) launched a long-distance face-to-face communication facility known as telepresence.Telepresence is a technology that allows a person to appear to be in a different location at the same time.Cisco has also released a product called Cisco TelePresence which is designed to connect two physically separate rooms where the rooms are in two different places, maybe even two parts.Different worlds but feels like the same meeting room.There has been a lot of research on Telepresence, one of which is research conducted by Eduardo L, et al.In this research, telepresence robots and holographic projection were used at the tertiary level at Tec de Monterrey in the period 2013 -2015.This combination allows students to feel the presence of the professor in the classroom through humanscale holographic images, two-way audio and video and the autonomous movements of controlled robots remotely(Tam et al., 2020).
them is research entitled "Design 3D Hologram Display Video Information of Animals in Piksel 11 (2): 253 -266(September 2023) to improve the quality of learning.c)Makesit easier to exchange teachers and share science material.d)Becomean assistant for students when studying and searching for information.The world is changing thanks to holographic technology.://internasional.kompas.com/read/2019/06/10/10055331/sirkus-dijerman-ini-ganti-anattraction-dengan-hologram-3-dimensional).A circus group in Germany displays something different from other circus groups that we usually see.Circus shows are performed without using animals in their attractions.Animals such as horses, elephants, tigers and lions are displayed in the form of 3D holograms.The use of holographic technology provides benefits for circus managers because there is no risk of injuries during the performance and the audience can enjoy the performance without feeling guilty.b.The Indian prime minister during the 2012 election campaign used holography techniques to address voters in different places at the same time by broadcasting live via satellite connected to the stage.c.The Aerial Burton Laser Plasma Holograph: d.The technique for displaying holograms that we know today requires glass, smoke or water to reflect light, lenses and so on.But not anymore with the presence of holographic projectors from the company Aerial Burton.They discovered that light could be seen without it reflecting off the surface.This technology uses a 1kW infrared pulse laser which focuses on points directly in the air via a 3D scanner which causes the molecules in the air to ionize to produce plasma.e.Light Fairy: Researchers at the Digital Nature Group created 3D interactive holograms consisting of tiny dots of light plasma called voxels that can create 3D images with a resolution of up to 200,000 dots per second.These lights occur due to very fast plasma bursts and when touched the light can be felt and does not hurt our hands.f.Holographic technology makes the music concentration display fantastic.An example is Michael Jackson's performance at the 2014 Billboard Music Awards.The Suzanna 262 Piksel 11 (2): 253 -266 (September 2023) legendary Indonesian singer Chrisye was once made into a hologram version so that other singers could collaborate with Chrisye even though he was gone.

Source
Figure 1.Digital Holography Market